sk1:cisco_ospf
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| sk1:cisco_ospf [2016/04/25 13:34] – utworzono jkonczak | sk1:cisco_ospf [2020/05/12 10:50] (current) – [[Ekstra] Inne] jkonczak | ||
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| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
| === Wstęp === | === Wstęp === | ||
| - | Protokół stanu łącza < | + | Protokół stanu łącza < |
| OSPF w wersji 2 działa tylko na IPv4, w wersji wersja 3 też na IPv6. | OSPF w wersji 2 działa tylko na IPv4, w wersji wersja 3 też na IPv6. | ||
| Każdy router konstruuje mapę sieci. Używa algorytmu dijkstry dla znajdowania najkrótszych ścieżek. | Każdy router konstruuje mapę sieci. Używa algorytmu dijkstry dla znajdowania najkrótszych ścieżek. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === LSA === | ||
| + | |||
| + | // | ||
| + | Przykładowo LSA może nieść informację o: | ||
| + | * połączeniach wybranego routera OSPF z innymi routerami OSPF | ||
| + | * sieciach IP do których należy router | ||
| + | * < | ||
| + | * < | ||
| + | |||
| === Działanie === | === Działanie === | ||
| Line 13: | Line 23: | ||
| Routery, wymieniając wiadomości //Hello//, nawiązują relację z sąsiadami. | Routery, wymieniając wiadomości //Hello//, nawiązują relację z sąsiadami. | ||
| - | Następnie przesyłają wzajemnie w wiadomościach //database descriptions// | + | Następnie przesyłają wzajemnie w wiadomościach //database descriptions// |
| - | Po transferze żądają wiadomością // | + | Po transferze żądają |
| - | Po każdej wykrytej zmianie router wysyła komunikat LSU z opisem zmian. Komunikat LSU jest rozgłaszana epidemicznie do wszystkich sąsiadów. | + | Po każdej wykrytej zmianie router wysyła komunikat LSU z opisem zmian (LSA). Komunikat LSU jest rozgłaszana epidemicznie do wszystkich sąsiadów. |
| - | + | ||
| - | Wszystkie komunikaty poza Hello nazywa się zbiorczo nazwą // | + | |
| < | < | ||
| - | Żeby zapobiec zalewaniu sieci pakietami | + | Żeby zapobiec zalewaniu sieci pakietami |
| - | OSPF do odróżniania routerów wykorzystuje // | + | |
| + | OSPF do odróżniania routerów wykorzystuje // | ||
| < | < | ||
| Line 47: | Line 56: | ||
| Najpierw należy wejść do trybu konfiguracji (znak zachęty: '' | Najpierw należy wejść do trybu konfiguracji (znak zachęty: '' | ||
| - | * '' | + | * '' |
| - | * '' | + | * '' |
| - | * '' | + | * < |
| - | * '' | + | * < |
| - | W trybie konfiguracji interface' | + | * < |
| + | * < | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | W trybie | ||
| * '' | * '' | ||
| * '' | * '' | ||
| + | < | ||
| Line 61: | Line 75: | ||
| * '' | * '' | ||
| * '' | * '' | ||
| + | * '' | ||
| * '' | * '' | ||
| * '' | * '' | ||
| - | * '' | + | |
| + | | ||
| < | < | ||
| Line 74: | Line 90: | ||
| < | < | ||
| - | http:// | + | ++++ Przykładowe wyniki poleceń diagnostycznych | |
| - | ===== Inne ===== | + | ++ schemat sieci: | {{ : |
| - | Quaqqa | + | < |
| + | < | ||
| + | Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP | ||
| + | D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area | ||
| + | N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 | ||
| + | E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 | ||
| + | i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 | ||
| + | ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route | ||
| + | o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route | ||
| + | |||
| + | Gateway of last resort is not set | ||
| + | |||
| + | O <span title=" | ||
| + | C 192.168.5.0/ | ||
| + | <span title=" | ||
| + | <span title=" | ||
| + | O 192.168.1.0/ | ||
| + | O 192.168.2.0/ | ||
| + | O 192.168.3.0/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | Routing Protocol is "< | ||
| + | Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set | ||
| + | Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set | ||
| + | Router ID <span title=" | ||
| + | Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa | ||
| + | Maximum path: 4 | ||
| + | Routing for Networks: | ||
| + | <span title=" | ||
| + | <span title=" | ||
| + | | ||
| + | Routing Information Sources: | ||
| + | Gateway | ||
| + | <span title=" | ||
| + | 192.168.5.1 | ||
| + | 192.168.4.1 | ||
| + | 192.168.3.4 | ||
| + | Distance: (default is 110) | ||
| + | |||
| + | R2#show ip ospf interface GigabitEthernet0/ | ||
| + | GigabitEthernet0/ | ||
| + | Internet Address 192.168.5.2/ | ||
| + | Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.6.2, | ||
| + | Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1 | ||
| + | Designated Router (ID) 192.168.5.1, | ||
| + | Backup Designated router (ID) 192.168.6.2, | ||
| + | Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 | ||
| + | oob-resync timeout 40 | ||
| + | Hello due in 00:00:01 | ||
| + | Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS) | ||
| + | Cisco NSF helper support enabled | ||
| + | IETF NSF helper support enabled | ||
| + | Index 1/1, flood queue length 0 | ||
| + | Next 0x0(0)/ | ||
| + | Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1 | ||
| + | Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec | ||
| + | Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 | ||
| + | Adjacent with neighbor <span title=" | ||
| + | Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s) | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | |||
| + | Neighbor ID | ||
| + | <span title=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | |||
| + | OSPF Router with ID (192.168.6.2) (Process ID 1) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Router Link States (Area 0) | ||
| + | |||
| + | LS age: 1473 | ||
| + | Options: (No TOS-capability, | ||
| + | LS Type: Router Links | ||
| + | Link State ID: 192.168.1.3 | ||
| + | Advertising Router: < | ||
| + | LS Seq Number: 80000009 | ||
| + | Checksum: 0x1AE5 | ||
| + | Length: 60 | ||
| + | Number of Links: 3 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: < | ||
| + | (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: < | ||
| + | (Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.1.3 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: < | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a < | ||
| + | (Link ID) Network/ | ||
| + | (Link Data) Network Mask: < | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 64 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a Stub Network | ||
| + | (Link ID) Network/ | ||
| + | (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: < | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | LS age: 39 | ||
| + | Options: (No TOS-capability, | ||
| + | LS Type: Router Links | ||
| + | Link State ID: 192.168.3.4 | ||
| + | Advertising Router: 192.168.3.4 | ||
| + | LS Seq Number: 80000008 | ||
| + | Checksum: 0x3348 | ||
| + | Length: 48 | ||
| + | Number of Links: 2 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a < | ||
| + | (Link ID) Designated Router address: 192.168.3.4 | ||
| + | (Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.3.4 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 1 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a Transit Network | ||
| + | (Link ID) Designated Router address: 192.168.2.4 | ||
| + | (Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.2.4 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 1 | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | LS age: 114 | ||
| + | Options: (No TOS-capability, | ||
| + | LS Type: Router Links | ||
| + | Link State ID: 192.168.4.1 | ||
| + | Advertising Router: 192.168.4.1 | ||
| + | LS Seq Number: 80000011 | ||
| + | Checksum: 0x78FF | ||
| + | Length: 60 | ||
| + | Number of Links: 3 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a Transit Network | ||
| + | (Link ID) Designated Router address: 192.168.3.4 | ||
| + | (Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.3.1 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 1 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a Stub Network | ||
| + | (Link ID) Network/ | ||
| + | (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 1 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a Stub Network | ||
| + | (Link ID) Network/ | ||
| + | (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 1 | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | LS age: 1856 | ||
| + | Options: (No TOS-capability, | ||
| + | LS Type: Router Links | ||
| + | Link State ID: 192.168.5.1 | ||
| + | Advertising Router: 192.168.5.1 | ||
| + | LS Seq Number: 80000007 | ||
| + | Checksum: 0x435E | ||
| + | Length: 72 | ||
| + | Number of Links: 4 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point) | ||
| + | (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 192.168.1.3 | ||
| + | (Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.1.1 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 64 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a Stub Network | ||
| + | (Link ID) Network/ | ||
| + | (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 64 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a Transit Network | ||
| + | (Link ID) Designated Router address: 192.168.2.4 | ||
| + | (Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.2.1 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 1 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a Transit Network | ||
| + | (Link ID) Designated Router address: 192.168.5.1 | ||
| + | (Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.5.1 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 1 | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | LS age: 1749 | ||
| + | Options: (No TOS-capability, | ||
| + | LS Type: Router Links | ||
| + | Link State ID: 192.168.6.2 | ||
| + | Advertising Router: 192.168.6.2 | ||
| + | LS Seq Number: 80000007 | ||
| + | Checksum: 0xA544 | ||
| + | Length: 48 | ||
| + | Number of Links: 2 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a Stub Network | ||
| + | (Link ID) Network/ | ||
| + | (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 1 | ||
| + | |||
| + | Link connected to: a Transit Network | ||
| + | (Link ID) Designated Router address: 192.168.5.1 | ||
| + | (Link Data) Router Interface address: 192.168.5.2 | ||
| + | Number of TOS metrics: 0 | ||
| + | TOS 0 Metrics: 1 | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | ++++ | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{: | ||
| + | |||
| + | https:// | ||
| + | ===== [Ekstra] | ||
| + | Implementacje wielu protokołów routingu, w tym OSPFv2, dla systemu Linux: | ||
| + | * FRRouting https:// | ||
| + | * Bird http:// | ||
sk1/cisco_ospf.1461591258.txt.gz · Last modified: (external edit)