{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "# Numbers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "2**31"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "2**63"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "2**64"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "2**128"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "2**4000"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "len(str(2**4000))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "# Data types"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Lists"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [0,1,2,3]\n",
    "print(arr)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [1,2,'cos', [10,11,12], 3.14]\n",
    "arr"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [0,1,2,3]\n",
    "arr"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "len(arr)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr[-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr[1:3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr[:3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr[-2:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr[-3:-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6]\n",
    "arr[0:5]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr[0:5:2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr[::2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr[::-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a=[0,1,2,3]\n",
    "b=['a','b','c','d']\n",
    "a+b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a=[10,20,30,40]\n",
    "a.append(100)\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a=[10,20,20,30,40]\n",
    "a.remove(20)\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Tuples"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = (1,2,3)\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "try:\n",
    "    a[1]=1\n",
    "except Exception as e:\n",
    "    print('Exception:', e)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Dictionaries"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "oceny = {'polski': 3.5, 'matematyka': 5, 'fizyka': 4, \n",
    "         'informatyka': 6}\n",
    "oceny"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "oceny['informatyka']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "oceny['nowy przedmiot'] = 2.0\n",
    "oceny"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Sets"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ulubione_przedmioty = set(['polski', 'muzyka', 'geografia', 'historia'])\n",
    "ulubione_przedmioty"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "'informatyka' in ulubione_przedmioty"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if 'polski' in ulubione_przedmioty:\n",
    "    print('Kocham j. polski!')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = set(['a','b','c','d'])\n",
    "b = set(['c','d','e','f'])\n",
    "a.union(b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a.intersection(b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a.difference(b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Strings"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print('Imię: {}'.format('Wojciech'))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from math import pi\n",
    "print(' Imię:     {},\\n Nazwisko: {},\\n PESEL:    {},\\n Ulubiona: {}\\n'\n",
    "    .format('Wojciech', 'Jaśkowski', '8212...', pi))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from math import pi\n",
    "print('''\n",
    "Imię:     {imie},\n",
    "Nazwisko: {nazw},\n",
    "PESEL:    {pesel},\n",
    "Ulubiona: {ulub}\n",
    "'''.format(\n",
    "    nazw='Jaśkowski', \n",
    "    imie='Wojciech', \n",
    "    pesel='8212...', \n",
    "    ulub=pi))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print('ęśćńżół')\n",
    "print('יהוה')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = 'ala'\n",
    "print(s[0:2])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print('ala')\n",
    "print(\"ala\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print('ala ma \"kota\"')\n",
    "print(\"ala ma 'kota'\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "str(12)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "int('12')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "float('12.1')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "text = 'Python is easy;really?'\n",
    "text.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "text.split(';')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import re\n",
    "re.split(' |;', text)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = ['a','b','c','d']\n",
    "str(arr)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "'; '.join(arr)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Flow control"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']\n",
    "for a in arr:\n",
    "    print(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "list(range(4))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for i in range(len(arr)):\n",
    "    print(i, arr[i])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for i, a in enumerate(arr):\n",
    "    print(i, a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [0,1,2,3]\n",
    "b = ['a','b','c','d']\n",
    "n = len(a)\n",
    "for i in range(n):\n",
    "    print(a[i], b[i])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [0,1,2,3]\n",
    "b = ['a','b','c','d']\n",
    "for x, y in zip(a, b):\n",
    "    print(x, y)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "list(zip(a,b))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c=['ala','ma','kota','!']\n",
    "zipped = list(zip(a,b,c))\n",
    "zipped"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a, b, c = list(zip(*zipped))\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "print(b)\n",
    "print(c)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [0,1,2,3]\n",
    "for a in arr:\n",
    "    if a % 3 == 0:\n",
    "        print('{} = 0 (mod 3)'.format(a))\n",
    "    elif a % 3 == 1:\n",
    "        print('{} = 1 (mod 3)'.format(a))\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print('{} = 2 (mod 3)'.format(a))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "12 // 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = 'python'\n",
    "while s[0] != 'h':\n",
    "    s = s[1:]\n",
    "print(s)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 1\n",
    "if -1 <= a and a <= 1:\n",
    "    print('A is in range')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if -1 <= a <= 1:\n",
    "    print('A is in range')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "if not 4 in a:\n",
    "    print('4 is missing')\n",
    "    "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# or, continue, break\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Iterating over dictionaries"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 12: 'mama'}\n",
    "for v in d:\n",
    "    print(v)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for k, v in d.items():\n",
    "    print(str(k) + ' => ' + str(v))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Functions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def suma(a, b):    \n",
    "    return a + b\n",
    "        \n",
    "suma(1,3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def suma(a, b, wa=1, wb=1):\n",
    "    return wa * a + wb * b\n",
    "\n",
    "print(suma(1, 3))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(suma(1, 3, 2, 1))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(suma(1, 3, wb=2, wa=1))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(suma(1, 3, wb=2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def f(arr):\n",
    "    n = x = arr[0]\n",
    "    for a in arr:\n",
    "        if n > a:\n",
    "            n = a\n",
    "        if x < a:\n",
    "            x = a\n",
    "    return n, x\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f([2,3,1,4]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a, b = f([2,3,1,4])\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "print(b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x = f([2,3,1,4])\n",
    "x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 1\n",
    "b = 2\n",
    "a, b = b, a\n",
    "print('a = ' + str(a))\n",
    "print('b = ' + str(b))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x = ['ala','ma','kota']\n",
    "a, b, c = x\n",
    "print('a = ' + str(a))\n",
    "print('b = ' + str(b))\n",
    "print('c = ' + str(c))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def f(wa=1, wb=1):   \n",
    "    def g(a, b):\n",
    "        return a * wa + b * wb\n",
    "    return g\n",
    "\n",
    "f(1,3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "wazona = f(0, 1)\n",
    "wazona(1,2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "wazona(1, 3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [-3, 2, 1, 4]\n",
    "arr.sort()\n",
    "arr"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr.sort(reverse=True)\n",
    "arr"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def mykey(x):\n",
    "    return abs(x)\n",
    "arr.sort(key=mykey)\n",
    "arr"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr.sort(key=lambda x: abs(x))\n",
    "arr"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f = lambda a, b: a - b\n",
    "print(f(1,2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "g = lambda a, b: a + b\n",
    "print(g(1,2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f, g = g, f\n",
    "print(f(1,2))\n",
    "print(g(1,2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Various"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Complex numbers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "1+3j"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "abs(1+3j)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "(1+3j)*(2-1j)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Generators (yield)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def whatdoido():\n",
    "    a, b = 0, 1\n",
    "    while True:\n",
    "        yield a\n",
    "        a, b = b, a + b\n",
    "        \n",
    "print(whatdoido())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "g = whatdoido()\n",
    "print(next(g))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(next(g))\n",
    "print(next(g))\n",
    "print(next(g))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for i in range(10):\n",
    "    print(next(g))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for v in whatdoido():\n",
    "    if v > 100:\n",
    "        break\n",
    "    print(v)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def combinations(iterable, r):\n",
    "    # combinations('ABCD', 2) --> AB AC AD BC BD CD\n",
    "    # combinations(range(4), 3) --> 012 013 023 123\n",
    "    pool = tuple(iterable)\n",
    "    n = len(pool)\n",
    "    if r > n:\n",
    "        return\n",
    "    indices = list(range(r))\n",
    "    yield tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)\n",
    "    while True:\n",
    "        for i in reversed(range(r)):\n",
    "            if indices[i] != i + n - r:\n",
    "                break\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            return\n",
    "        indices[i] += 1\n",
    "        for j in range(i+1, r):\n",
    "            indices[j] = indices[j-1] + 1\n",
    "        yield tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)\n",
    "        \n",
    "pairs = combinations('ABCD', 2)\n",
    "print(pairs)\n",
    "for pair in pairs:\n",
    "    print(pair)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Pierwsze trzy pary, które mają A i G w środku\n",
    "pairs = combinations('ABCDEFGH', 3)\n",
    "found = 0\n",
    "for pair in pairs:\n",
    "    if 'A' in pair and 'G' in pair and found < 3:\n",
    "        found += 1\n",
    "        print(pair)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Build-in functions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x=1\n",
    "eval('max([x,2,-2,3])')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "exec('import math; print(math.sin(2*math.pi))')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(all([True, False, True]))\n",
    "print(any([True, False, True]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(sum([1,2,3]))\n",
    "print(min([1,2,3]))\n",
    "print(max([1,2,3]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(abs(-12))\n",
    "print(round(3.14159, 3))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(float(12))\n",
    "print(int(12.7))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(str(123))\n",
    "print(str([1,2,3]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(ord('a'))\n",
    "print(chr(98))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(type('ala ma kota'))\n",
    "print(type([1,2,3]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Global"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "text = 'ala ma kota'\n",
    "\n",
    "def a():\n",
    "    print('a: ' + text) \n",
    "def b():\n",
    "    print('b: '  + text)\n",
    "    text = 'ala ma psa'    "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "try:\n",
    "    b()\n",
    "except:\n",
    "    import traceback\n",
    "    print(traceback.format_exc())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "text = 'ala ma kota'\n",
    "def c():\n",
    "    global text\n",
    "    print('c: '  + text)\n",
    "    text = 'ala ma psa'\n",
    "c()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Comprehensions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Lists"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [0,1,2,3,4,5]\n",
    "new = []\n",
    "for a in arr:\n",
    "    new.append('A' + str(a))\n",
    "new"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [0,1,2,3,4,5]\n",
    "new = ['A' + str(a) for a in arr]\n",
    "new"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [0,1,2,3,4,5]\n",
    "new = ['A' + str(a) for a in arr if a % 2 == 0]\n",
    "new"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arr = [0,13,2,4,11]\n",
    "sum([1 for a in arr if a % 2 == 0])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Chcemy wszystkie pierwsze litery wyrazów zamienić na wielkie\n",
    "text = 'to jest krótki text nie na temat'\n",
    "splitted = text.split()\n",
    "splitted"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "big = [x[0].upper() + x[1:] for x in splitted]\n",
    "big"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "\" \".join(big)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "text = 'to jest krótki text nie na temat'\n",
    "print(\" \".join([x[0].upper() + x[1:] for x in text.split()]))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Dictionaries"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "przedmioty = ('matematyka', 'fizyka', 'chemia')\n",
    "slownik = {p: len(p) for p in przedmioty}\n",
    "slownik"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Classes"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Circle:\n",
    "    def __init__(self, radius):\n",
    "        self.radius = radius    \n",
    "        \n",
    "    def area(self):\n",
    "        from math import pi\n",
    "        return pi * self.radius**2\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def set_radius(self, radius):\n",
    "        self.radius = radius    \n",
    "        \n",
    "c = Circle(3)\n",
    "print(c.area())\n",
    "c.set_radius(5)     "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(c.radius)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Container:\n",
    "    pass\n",
    "\n",
    "c = Container()\n",
    "c.size = 12\n",
    "c.value = 10000\n",
    "\n",
    "def compute(container):\n",
    "    return container.size ** 2\n",
    "\n",
    "compute(c)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Przedmiot:\n",
    "    acoto = 12\n",
    "    def __init__(self, nazwa):\n",
    "        self.nazwa = nazwa\n",
    "        \n",
    "p = Przedmiot('kck')\n",
    "p.nazwa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(p.acoto)\n",
    "print(Przedmiot.acoto)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(p)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Przedmiot:    \n",
    "    def __init__(self, nazwa):\n",
    "        self.nazwa = nazwa\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def __repr__(self):\n",
    "        return 'Przedmiot o nazwie ' + self.nazwa\n",
    "    \n",
    "p = Przedmiot('KCK')\n",
    "print(p)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Duck typing"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Circle:\n",
    "    def __init__(self, radius):\n",
    "        self.radius = radius            \n",
    "    def area(self):\n",
    "        from math import pi\n",
    "        return pi * self.radius**2\n",
    "\n",
    "class Square:\n",
    "    def __init__(self, w):\n",
    "        self.w = w\n",
    "    def area(self):\n",
    "        return self.w**2\n",
    "    \n",
    "def get_shape():\n",
    "    from random import choice\n",
    "    return choice([Square(4), Circle(4)])\n",
    "    \n",
    "shape = get_shape()\n",
    "shape.area()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Files"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f = open('test.txt','w')\n",
    "for i in range(6):\n",
    "    f.write('To jest linia {}\\n'.format(i))\n",
    "f.close()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "cat test.txt"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f = open('test.txt')\n",
    "for line in f:\n",
    "    print(line, end='')\n",
    "f.close()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "with open('test.txt') as f:\n",
    "    for line in f:\n",
    "        print(line, end='')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "with open('test.txt') as f:\n",
    "    lines = f.readlines()\n",
    "lines[1]"
   ]
  }
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