@InProceedings{Jaskowski2008fitnessless,
  Title                    = {Fitnessless Coevolution},
  Author                   = {Wojciech Jaśkowski and Bartosz Wieloch and Krzysztof Krawiec},
  Booktitle                = {GECCO '08: Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation},
  Year                     = {2008},

  Address                  = {Atlanta, GA, USA},
  Editor                   = {Maarten Keijzer},
  Month                    = {jul},
  Organization             = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  Pages                    = {355--362},
  Publisher                = {Association for Computing Machinery},

  Abstract                 = {We introduce fitnessless coevolution (FC), a novel method of comparative one-population coevolution. FC plays games between individuals to settle tournaments in the selection phase and skips the typical phase of evaluation. The selection operator applies a single-elimination tournament to a randomly drawn group of individuals, and the winner of the final round becomes the result of selection. Therefore, FC does not involve explicit fitness measure. We prove that, under a condition of transitivity of the payoff matrix, the dynamics of FC is identical to that of the traditional evolutionary algorithm. The experimental results, obtained on a diversified group of problems, demonstrate that FC is able to produce solutions that are equally good or better than solutions obtained using fitness-based one-population coevolution with different selection methods.},
  Keywords                 = {games, one-population coevolution, selection methods, tic tac toe, nim, rosenbrock, rastrigin, coevolutionary algorithm, genetic programming, coevolutionary dynamics},
  Url                      = {http://www.cs.put.poznan.pl/wjaskowski/pub/papers/jaskowski08fitnessless.pdf}
}