@prefix : . @prefix p1: <#> . @prefix owl: . @prefix rdf: . @prefix xml: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix owl2: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix owl2xml: . @prefix AfricanWildlifeOntology1: . @prefix AfricanWildlifeOntology11: . @base . rdf:type owl:Ontology ; rdfs:comment "MK downloaded this file from http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~lapalme/ift6281/OWL/AfricanWildlifeOntology.xml, changed the extension to .owl and appended the name with Web. That ontology give a load error in protege due to the use of Collection in the definition of Herbivore, so the AfricanWildlifeOntology0.owl has that piece removed." , """AfricanWildlifeOntology0.owl was then modified by Maria Keet (classes and object properties added, more comments added, updated the uri etc) and renamed into AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl. This is still an ontology just for tutorial purposes, so take it with a grain of salt""" , "African Wildlide Ontology, Semantic Web Primer, 4.3.1 pages 119-133" . ################################################################# # Annotation properties ################################################################# ### http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment rdfs:comment rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ################################################################# # Object Properties ################################################################# ### #has-part p1:has-part rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ; rdf:type owl:TransitiveProperty . ### #is-proper-part-of p1:is-proper-part-of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ; rdf:type owl:IrreflexiveProperty . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#eaten-by AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eaten-by rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#eats AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:range [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ] ) ] . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#is-part-of AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty , owl:TransitiveProperty , owl:ReflexiveProperty . ### http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#has-mother AfricanWildlifeOntology11:has-mother rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty , owl:FunctionalProperty . ################################################################# # Classes ################################################################# ### #Berry p1:Berry rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:FruitingBody . ### #CarnivorousPlant p1:CarnivorousPlant rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ] . ### #Elephant p1:Elephant rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore . ### #FruitingBody p1:FruitingBody rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts . ### #Grass p1:Grass rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant . ### #Impala p1:Impala rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ; rdfs:comment "An african antelope http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impala" . ### #Omnivore p1:Omnivore rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:someValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ] ) ] ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ; owl:disjointWith AfricanWildlifeOntology1:carnivore , AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore . ### #Palmtree p1:Palmtree rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty p1:has-part ; owl:someValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:complementOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:branch ] ] ; owl:disjointWith AfricanWildlifeOntology1:tree . ### #Phloem p1:Phloem rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty p1:is-proper-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom p1:Stem ] . ### #PlantParts p1:PlantParts rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf owl:Thing , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty p1:is-proper-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ] . ### #RockDassie p1:RockDassie rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ; rdfs:comment "They eat grasses and broad-leafed plants" , "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_Hyrax" . ### #Root p1:Root rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts . ### #Stem p1:Stem rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts . ### #Twig p1:Twig rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts . ### #Warthog p1:Warthog rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal , [ owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:someValuesFrom p1:FruitingBody ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:someValuesFrom p1:Grass ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:someValuesFrom p1:Root ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:comment "Warthogs are Omnivorous http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warthog" . ### #Xylem p1:Xylem rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty p1:is-proper-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom p1:Stem ] . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#animal AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:disjointWith AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#branch AfricanWildlifeOntology1:branch rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:tree ] ; rdfs:comment "Branches are parts of trees." . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#carnivore AfricanWildlifeOntology1:carnivore rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:allValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:allValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ] ] ) ] ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ; owl:disjointWith AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore ; rdfs:comment "Carnivores are exactly those animals that eat only animals." . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#giraffe AfricanWildlifeOntology1:giraffe rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:allValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( p1:Twig AfricanWildlifeOntology1:leaf ) ] ] ; owl:disjointWith AfricanWildlifeOntology1:lion ; rdfs:comment "Giraffes are herbivores, and they eat only leaves." , "they also eat twigs" . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#herbivore AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:allValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:allValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ] ] ) ] ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal ; rdfs:comment "Herbivores are exactly those animals that eat only plants or parts of plants " . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#leaf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:leaf rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:PlantParts , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:is-part-of ; owl:someValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( p1:Twig AfricanWildlifeOntology1:branch ) ] ] ; rdfs:comment "Leaves are parts of branches." . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#lion AfricanWildlifeOntology1:lion rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:someValuesFrom p1:Impala ] , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eats ; owl:allValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore ] ; rdfs:comment "Lions are animals that eat only herbivores." . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#plant AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "Plants are disjoint from animals." . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#tasty-plant AfricanWildlifeOntology1:tasty-plant rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant , [ owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eaten-by ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:carnivore ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty AfricanWildlifeOntology1:eaten-by ; owl:someValuesFrom AfricanWildlifeOntology1:herbivore ] ) ; rdf:type owl:Class ] ; rdfs:comment "Plants eaten both by herbivores and carnivores" . ### file:/Applications/Protege_4.1_beta/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#tree AfricanWildlifeOntology1:tree rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf AfricanWildlifeOntology1:plant ; rdfs:comment "'plant' is here a shorthand for plant kingdom" , "Trees are a type of plant." . ### http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Thing owl:Thing rdf:type owl:Class . ### xml:base#Apple :Apple rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:FruitingBody . ### xml:base#Distribution :Distribution rdf:type owl:Class . ### xml:base#Habitat :Habitat rdf:type owl:Class . ### xml:base#Parsnip :Parsnip rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf p1:Root . ################################################################# # Individuals ################################################################# ### http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#Eve AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Eve rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , AfricanWildlifeOntology1:animal . ### http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#Julia AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Julia rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , p1:Elephant . ### http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#Susan AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Susan rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , AfricanWildlifeOntology1:giraffe . ### http://www.meteck.org/teaching/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#Tom AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Tom rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , p1:Elephant ; AfricanWildlifeOntology11:has-mother AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Eve , AfricanWildlifeOntology11:Julia . ################################################################# # General axioms ################################################################# [ rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( p1:Twig AfricanWildlifeOntology1:branch AfricanWildlifeOntology1:leaf ) ] . ### Generated by the OWL API (version 4.2.6.20160910-2108) https://github.com/owlcs/owlapi